Introduction  The cumulative capacity of worldwide floating photovoltaic (FPV) projects is currently 2600 MW, representing just 0.41% of the total cumulative capacity of all worldwide solar projects. However, momentum is building [...]

Background  Developers of buildings, chimneys, masts and wind turbines want to know that these developments will not pose a collision risk to aircraft in the vicinity of aerodromes. The standard [...]

Overview Wind farm operators may be asked to pay licence fees for using data from one radar for mitigating the effects of their turbines on another radar. We discuss the [...]

Overview Many modern radar have in-built mitigation to reject the effects of wind turbines. This article considers the in-built design features that allow these radar to do this. Radar Radar [...]

What is an Instrument Flight Procedure? An Instrument Flight Procedure (IFP) is a set of instructions regarding navigation around aerodromes. There are two basic types, one using precision instruments and [...]

Background The UK Government has announced massive new spending on roads to help boost and grow the UK’s economy. This investment could result in increased carbon dioxide emissions and prevent [...]

Background Declared distances are specific lengths of runway that are published for aircraft operations, specifically when taking off or landing, and are defined for pilots to understand their allowable take-off [...]

Overview Solar Panel Glare occurs even though it is not expected because solar panels are designed to absorb sunlight, rather than reflect it. Solar Panel Glare is greater than expected [...]

Background Buildings and structures can present a collision risk to aircraft using particular airports. Airports and airfields are often consulted regarding developments in their vicinity. Aerodrome Safeguarding Assessments can be [...]

When using digital elevation models data we often come up against terms like DEM, DTM, and DSM. Often they can be confusing and also misinterpreted to mean the same thing. [...]