Depending on the surface conditions reflections of light can be specular or diffuse. A specular reflection has a reflection characteristic similar to that of a mirror, whereas a diffuse reflection [...]

Glare is an important environmental impact to consider during the planning of solar developments due to the potential impacts upon aviation activity, residential amenity, road safety, railway operations and infrastructure.  [...]

What is the Eskdalemuir Seismic Array? The Eskdalemuir Seismic Array is a seismological monitoring station located in the south of Scotland. Its primary purpose is to detect seismic signals from [...]

War and the Cost of Energy Wars have far-reaching impacts across many domains. Beyond the loss of human life, the recent war in Iran has had far-reaching impacts with regard [...]

Ever since the development and advancement of solar panels into the mainstream renewable energy sector, we have treated night and darkness as the absence of solar energy. We thought that [...]

Aviation can be a key planning risk for new wind developments. Consultation with the relevant stakeholders helps identify issues early, allowing for more informed site selection and identification of constraints.  [...]

To determine whether a new building will block daylight to surrounding observers, a daylight sunlight assessment should be undertaken. Daylight and sunlight assessments typically accompany planning applications so that a [...]

Earlier this month, the Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA) released figures revealing that the US solar industry installed 43.2GW of solar capacity in 2025, accounting for over half of all [...]

In early 2026, China successfully developed an airborne wind turbine – the SAWES S2000 – a large, tethered blimp that generates electricity at altitudes up to 2000 metres. [1] The [...]

Shadow flicker is the effect of rotating turbine blades, causing brightness levels to vary periodically at locations where they obstruct the Sun’s rays. It can only occur when specific conditions [...]